Can Identical Products, Bundled Together, Constitute Illegal Tying?

Can bundling identical items constitute anticompetitive behavior? Unlawful tying occurs when a seller has market control and essentially forces the buyer to purchase another product. Bundling differs from tying because, while products are being sold together, the buyer can purchase the items separately. Bundling does not normally constitute anticompetitive behavior; in fact many products are sold in multiples or with complements. Bundling can reduce consumer welfare, however, if the seller pairs