Mobile Ecosystems: An Intellectual Entelechy but A Necessary Model

The concept of mobile ecosystems has evolved from a mere digital marketplace into a dynamic, interdependent network of economic agents, yet antitrust frameworks struggle to fully capture their complexities. This paper explores how mobile ecosystems function as co-evolving entities shaped by interdependence, self-organization, and emergence — concepts largely overlooked in traditional competition law. While regulators attempt to simplify market structures through ex-ante rules like the Digital